Summer is officially upon us, and with it comes the annual reminder to be cautious of the sweltering heat. Weather experts are issuing a warning that temperatures will be unusually high across the country during the peak summer months, stretching from June to the end of August.
The heat wave is already showing its teeth, with temperatures exceeding typical seasonal highs in April. In central Tokyo, a record-breaking 26.1°C was recorded on April 20th, a temperature typically seen in mid-June. Sano, in Tochigi Prefecture, hit an equally impressive 27.9°C on the same day.
These early warnings should be a stark reminder of the potentially dangerous heat we can expect in the coming months. Last year, the Japan Meteorological Agency issued a nationwide caution about “once-in-a-decade” temperatures of nearly 40°C in late July. This summer, similarly alarming temperatures are expected.
Get Ready for the Red Heat
The Japan Meteorological Agency’s weather map for the period between mid-June and mid-July paints a worrying picture. Almost the entire archipelago, from the northern tip of Hokkaido to the southernmost islands of Okinawa, is colored dark red, indicating a 70 percent or higher chance of above-normal temperatures.
Looking further ahead, the three-month forecast shows only a slight improvement, with the southern islands still at 70 percent or higher risk of high temperatures. Kyushu, Shikoku, and most of Honshu are at a 50 percent risk, while Tohoku and Hokkaido are predicted to have a slightly lower 40 percent likelihood of experiencing an unusually hot summer.
It’s Not Just Hot, It’s Dangerous
Heatstroke is a serious threat, and the consequences can be fatal. In the summer of 2023, 164 people died of heatstroke in central Tokyo’s 23 municipalities, with a staggering 76 percent of the victims being aged 70 or older. Nationally, over 1,000 people have died annually from heatstroke between 2018 and 2022, with the exception of the relatively cool summer of 2021.
These figures are alarming, and they highlight the importance of taking precautions. Between 40,000 and 90,000 people are hospitalized for heatstroke every year, emphasizing the need for urgent action and awareness.
A New Heatstroke Alert System is Here to Help
To combat the rising number of heatstroke cases, the government has implemented a new heatstroke alert system. This system will issue warnings in 58 areas across the country when the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) heat index is predicted to be 33 or above.
You can stay informed about these alerts by visiting the Ministry of the Environment’s Heat Illness Prevention Information website. Areas with a WBGT forecast above 31 are marked in red, areas with heatstroke alerts are in purple, and the most extreme Special Heat Stroke Alerts are in black.
The WBGT index provides guidance on how to stay safe during different levels of heat. When the index is between 21 and 25, the public is advised to stay hydrated. Between 25 and 28, taking regular breaks is recommended. A severe warning is issued when the index is between 28 and 31, recommending avoidance of strenuous exercise. Above 31, all exercise should be avoided.
How to Stay Safe and Beat the Heat
The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare has provided important guidelines for protecting yourself from heatstroke. Heatstroke occurs due to an imbalance of water and salt in the body, impairing thermoregulation. Symptoms can include muscle aches, sweating, nausea, and fatigue. In severe cases, a person can lose consciousness.
Staying hydrated is crucial – drink plenty of water, even if you don’t feel thirsty. Utilize electric fans or air conditioning indoors and reduce the temperature by pulling curtains or blinds.
The elderly, children, and individuals with disabilities are particularly vulnerable to heatstroke. The Ministry recommends using loose and airy clothing, and using chilled towels and ice to stay cool.
When outdoors, protect yourself by wearing a hat or using a parasol, seek out shady areas, take regular breaks, and wear light and loose-fitting clothing. Avoid going outside during peak temperatures. In emergencies, don’t hesitate to call an ambulance or seek medical attention.
This summer, stay informed, stay safe, and stay cool!
